Enslavement and Human Trafficking
by: Aprilia Gayatri | Total views: 154 | Word Count: 969 | View PDF | Print View
country in western south America, it is bordered on the north by
on the east by
The Capital of Peru is
with 25 region.
Peruvian declare an independence day at July 28th, 1821 after got
their freedom from
that’s why Spanish become a mother tongue.
Presidential Representative Democratic Republic, Alan Garcia as a President and
Jorge del Castillo as a Prime Minister. Peru Adopt Europe Continental for
national law system. This country consist of multi-ethnic groups and from
people knows Machu Piccu the most fascinating archaeological site. Although
still a developing country. People who live under the poverty line are very
high about 51,6% of it’s total population is poor, including 19,2% is extremely
poor.
Poverty
can be the major factor of enslavement and human trafficking cases. In 1926
there is a convention about slavery and that convention describe slavery as the
status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the power attaching to
the right of ownership are exercised. Slaves cannot leave an owner or an
employer because slaves is owned by someone who deprive their freedom and
compelling them to perform labour and services without any real financial
reward, slaves also treated as the property of another person. The most common
types of slave work are domestic service in mining, plantation, and industry.
The strong young men and women sometimes force to work long days in fields with
a little breaks for water and food, but for women, slavery in this cases
includes sexual services.
Nowadays
trafficking in human beings is a modern-day slavery, that is mean the
recruitment, transportation, transfer or receipt of person by the means of the
services and for the purpose of exploitation. The majority of victims are women
and children most often they are trafficked into prostitution, pornography
business, sexual exploitation, begging or maybe unwanted marriages, besides
they also force into servitude. Some cause of trafficking are poverty, regional
imbalances, economic and political instability and lack of employment
opportunities. Human trafficking is differs from people smuggling. This is one
of violation of human right, there are three kind of violation of human right :
genocide, war crime and humanity crime. Victim are subjected to violence,
humilliation and in many cases leave them with the life long effects of mental
and physical trauma. In almost all countries the poorer nation serving as
source of victims, others as transit site and wealthier country as a
destination site.
is the country which the poverty level and unemployment still high become a
source country for women and children into trafficking. Most victims are girl
and young women recruited from rural areas, city to city and they force into
prostitution in urban nightclub, bars, or in brothels. Peruvian also are
trafficked for sexual exploitation in a destination country like
trafficked into condition of force labor in
domestic servitude.
Since
enslavement and human trafficking become a global issue, so many effort have
done to combating enslavement and human trafficking. National and international
organization, government and non-governmental organization (NGO), supported by
donor agencies are joining to eliminate the causes, protect the victim and to
prevent it. United Nation by United
Nation Offices on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) has initiated international
cooperation in several country of the world under the Global Programme against
Human trafficking. National legislation should guarantee that the victim has
access to justice and police protection. Law enforcement agencies should be
part of this comprehensive system and cooperate with government and NGO, to
preventive action, identification, protection and assistance the victims and
prosecution or bring the case of trafficking in human beings into the criminal
justice system of traffickers.
All
elements such as government, NGO and civil society work together to develop a
system to prevent trafficking in human beings, support and protect the victim.
So that all victims have access to health care including physical care,
rehabilitation from trauma or HIV/AIDS test and counseling because their kind
of works are risky to HIV/AIDS. To raise awareness about this issue there are
some cooperation with educational institution and mass media to announce and
spread information or campaigns for the general public, aimed at promoting
awareness of dangers of trafficking especially for women, children and communities
at risk. Some international convention has carried out in order to combating
this problem such as ILO Convention No.182 about Worst Form of Child Labour
Convention or known as Palermo Convention (1999), Rome Statute of International
Criminal Court (1998) and United Nation Convention against Transnational
Organized Crime (2000).
The
United States Agency for International Development (USAID), one of donor
agency, plays a leading role in fight trafficking. In Peru, USAID is supporting
the Peruvian Government effort to improve methods of collecting data and
tracking the traffickers, after that law enforcement officials will be trained
to use the system for better identify locate and capture traffickers.
Government also support initiatives to help prevent trafficking. Particularly
among vulnerable population including effective educational campaign to warn
them not being trafficked. The campaign also carried out by Catholic Church.
Even though it is not easy , but to get a good result need both national and
international cooperation with some program among other increasing awareness
about safe migration and trafficking in human beings, eliminating corruption
within government by law enforcement and improve the education and economic
condition in general that can increase economic opportunity, and far more
important is help the victims rebuild their live.
About the Author
Aprilia Gayatri
Faculty of Law Padjadjaran University, Bandung
email : apienx_mail@yahoo.com
Visit my blog on :
http://binchoutan.wordpress.com
or you can find me with some interesting story on :
http://storyblog.wordpress.com
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